{"id":436,"date":"2013-04-16T09:20:11","date_gmt":"2013-04-16T08:20:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/soch.cz\/blog\/?p=436"},"modified":"2013-04-16T11:54:29","modified_gmt":"2013-04-16T10:54:29","slug":"nastroje-omezuji-a-svazuji","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/soch.cz\/blog\/management\/nastroje-omezuji-a-svazuji\/","title":{"rendered":"N\u00e1stroje omezuj\u00ed a svazuj\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ne\u017e za\u010dnete diskutovat na t\u00e9ma, \u017ee n\u00e1stroje jsou p\u0159ece u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9, pod\u00edvejte se kolem sebe. Kolikr\u00e1t jste sly\u0161eli, \u017ee ten a ten syst\u00e9m je \u0161patn\u00fd? \u017de v\u00e1m ned\u00e1v\u00e1 to, co byste cht\u011bli? \u017de mus\u00edte pou\u017e\u00edvat jeden a rad\u011bji byste m\u011bli druh\u00fd? \u017de nem\u016f\u017eete v\u011bci d\u011blat jinak, proto\u017ee v\u00e1\u0161 n\u00e1stroj to neumo\u017e\u0148uje? A \u010d\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed je firma, t\u00edm v\u00edce proces\u016f a n\u00e1stroj\u016f vygenerovala. O <a title=\"Procesy a metriky deformuj\u00ed lidi\" href=\"http:\/\/soch.cz\/blog\/management\/procesy-a-metriky-deformuji-lidi\/\">procesech<\/a> jsem psala minule, tak\u017ee t\u011bm se pro tentokr\u00e1t\u00a0vyhnu. Vzpom\u00edn\u00e1te si na Agiln\u00ed manifest? Hned prvn\u00ed princip \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 &#8220;Up\u0159ednost\u0148ujeme lidi a jejich vztahy p\u0159ed procesy a n\u00e1stroji&#8221;. A p\u0159esn\u011b v tomto kontextu je to pot\u0159eba vn\u00edmat. Opravdu up\u0159ednost\u0148ujete to, co va\u0161e t\u00fdmy pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed, p\u0159ed t\u00edm, co zrovna mus\u00edte pou\u017e\u00edvat za n\u00e1stroj? Vid\u011bla jsem spoustu t\u00fdm\u016f, kter\u00e9\u00a0implementovali Agile a Scrum tak, \u017ee za\u010dali hledat n\u00e1stroj&#8230; N\u00e1stroj, kter\u00fd jim pom\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt agiln\u00ed a Scrum nasadit. Ale to nen\u00ed zrovna agiln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup, \u017ee?<\/p>\n<p>Najdete r\u016fzn\u00e9 p\u011bkn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje, kter\u00e9 um\u00ed mra\u010dna zaj\u00edmav\u00fdch v\u011bc\u00ed. A tak t\u00fdmy, ve snaze vyu\u017e\u00edt maximum mo\u017enost\u00ed, d\u011blaj\u00ed mili\u00f3ny v\u011bc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jim nic nep\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed a k opravdov\u00e9mu c\u00edli &#8211; tedy spole\u010dn\u011b dodat hodnotu pro z\u00e1kazn\u00edka efektivn\u011b, rychle a kvalitn\u011b &#8211; n\u00e1s nikterak neposouv\u00e1. Ba pr\u00e1v\u011b naopak. Jsme pak \u010dasto pomalej\u0161\u00ed, Scrum se st\u00e1v\u00e1 divnou byrokraci\u00ed bez obsahu, a jako takov\u00fd nep\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed zapojen\u00ed jednotlivc\u016f, nad\u0161en\u00ed, ani \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 inovace, ale jen &#8220;my te\u010f mus\u00edme&#8230; &#8220;, &#8220;my nem\u016f\u017eeme&#8230;&#8221;, a nebo &#8220;my po\u0159\u00e1d sch\u016fzujeme a vypl\u0148ujeme&#8221;&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159\u00edkladem toho, o \u010dem mluv\u00edm, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt t\u0159eba ohodnocov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00e1sk\u016f hodinami. V\u00fdborn\u00e1 praktika, kter\u00e1 \u017eere neskute\u010dn\u011b \u010dasu t\u00fdmu a jedin\u00fdm d\u016fvodem pro jej\u00ed vykon\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed je to, \u017ee n\u00e1\u0161 n\u00e1stroj pak um\u00ed kreslit burndown graf za Sprint&#8230; Kter\u00fd v\u0161ak, pod\u00edv\u00e1me-li se na n\u011bj \u010dist\u00fdma o\u010dima, nep\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed nic, co bychom u\u017e d\u00e1vno nev\u011bd\u011bli z dobr\u00e9 tabule a funk\u010dn\u00edch standup\u016f. Sprint burndown je naprost\u00e1 zbyte\u010dnost, kter\u00e1 se v agiln\u00ed komunit\u011b ujala pr\u00e1v\u011b proto, \u017ee t\u00fdmy vid\u011bly dal\u0161\u00ed p\u011bknou v\u011bc, kterou jejich n\u00e1stroj umo\u017e\u0148uje, tak pro\u010d ji nezkusit, \u017ee?<\/p>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edkladem jsou r\u016fzn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed vid\u011bt tabuli online. A te\u010f ani tak nemluv\u00edm o geograficky distribuovan\u00fdch t\u00fdmech, ale o lidech, kte\u0159\u00ed sed\u00ed v jedn\u00e9 budov\u011b \u010di dokonce m\u00edstnosti&#8230; Na za\u010d\u00e1tku za t\u00edm stoj\u00ed dobr\u00fd n\u00e1pad, my budeme na\u0161i tabuli vid\u011bt odkudkoliv, nemus\u00edme vst\u00e1vat, abychom tam ud\u011blali zm\u011bnu&#8230; Ale nen\u00ed to n\u00e1hodou p\u0159esn\u011b to, \u010deho\u00a0se chceme vyvarovat? Co chceme agiln\u00edm p\u0159\u00edstupem zm\u011bnit? V\u017edy\u0165 my p\u0159ece chceme, aby se t\u00fdm potk\u00e1val a pov\u00eddal si, aby ka\u017ed\u00fd mohl vz\u00edt tu\u017eku a l\u00edste\u010dek a hned napsat, co se mus\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b ud\u011blat, a kdy\u017e se n\u011bco zm\u011bn\u00ed,\u00a0tak prost\u011b l\u00edste\u010dek vz\u00edt a zahodit, jako by ani neexistoval. Nepot\u0159ebujeme historii t\u00e1sk\u016f popsanou do posledn\u00edho detailu. Nepot\u0159ebujeme evidenci v\u0161ech zm\u011bn a n\u00e1pad\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsme kdy m\u011bli&#8230; Chceme si jen b\u00fdt jisti, \u017ee jako t\u00fdm je\u0161t\u011b stihneme dokon\u010dit v\u0161echny User Stories kter\u00e9 jsme z\u00e1kazn\u00edkovi sl\u00edbili. A nechceme \u017e\u00e1dnou zbyte\u010dnou byrokracii. Zkuste si napsat task na lep\u00edtko anebo zadat do syst\u00e9mu. Prvn\u00ed varianta je mnohon\u00e1sobn\u011b krat\u0161\u00ed a v\u0161ichni jej\u00ed v\u00fdsledek vid\u00ed kdykoli vzhl\u00e9dnou nebo jdou kolem na kafe, ani\u017e by museli spustit syst\u00e9m a d\u00e1t refresh.<\/p>\n<p>A kdy\u017e voln\u011b p\u0159ejdeme k dal\u0161\u00edmu p\u0159ikladu, chceme se flexibiln\u011b organizovat&#8230; Nen\u00ed tedy c\u00edlem vz\u00edt User Stories a na za\u010d\u00e1tku Sprintu je p\u0159i\u0159adit jednotliv\u00fdm lidem. A ment\u00e1ln\u011b je za n\u011b ud\u011blat zodpov\u011bdn\u00fdmi. T\u00fdm by m\u011bl b\u00fdt za jejich dod\u00e1n\u00ed zodpov\u011bdn\u00fd jako celek, ale kdy\u017e se \u0159\u00edd\u00edme n\u00e1strojem, tak to \u010dasto nejde. Ano, n\u011bkter\u00e9 t\u00fdmy User Stories p\u0159i\u0159ad\u00ed Scrum Masterovi aby n\u00e1stroji n\u011bco p\u0159edhodili. Ale v\u011bt\u0161ina takov\u00fdch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed funguje psychologicky na backgroundu a ovliv\u0148uje &#8211; ani\u017e byste si to uv\u011bdomovali &#8211; va\u0161e chov\u00e1n\u00ed. A to i ve v\u011bcech, kde byste se h\u00e1dali do krve, \u017ee v\u00e1s to p\u0159eci neovlivn\u00ed. \u017de nev\u011b\u0159\u00edte? D\u011blaly se nap\u0159\u00edklad studie s velkou skupinou lid\u00ed. Prvn\u00ed skupina dostala ot\u00e1zku &#8220;Kolik obyvatel m\u00e1 st\u00e1t Texas?&#8221;. Kdy\u017e z odpov\u011bd\u00ed cel\u00e9 skupiny ud\u011bl\u00e1te pr\u016fm\u011br, dostanete n\u011bjak\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo. Druh\u00e1 skupina dostala velmi podobnou ot\u00e1zku &#8211; &#8220;Kolik obyvatel m\u00e1 st\u00e1t Texas, je to v\u00edce ne\u017e 500 tis\u00edc?&#8221; a p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b odpov\u011bdi byly v\u00fdrazn\u011b bli\u017e\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00edslu 500 tis\u00edc. Experiment se v r\u016fzn\u00fdch podob\u00e1ch opakoval mnohokr\u00e1t a poka\u017ed\u00e9 se stejn\u00fdm v\u00fdsledkem. \u0158\u00edk\u00e1 se tomu kotven\u00ed. A zp\u011bt k p\u0159\u00edkladu s n\u00e1strojem, kter\u00fd v\u00e1s nut\u00ed User Story assignovat konkr\u00e9tn\u00edmu \u010dlenovi t\u00fdmu. V moment\u011b, kdy to ud\u011bl\u00e1te, zakotv\u00edte zodpov\u011bdnost z t\u00fdmu jako celku k n\u011bjak\u00e9mu konkr\u00e9tn\u00edmu \u010dlenu t\u00fdmu. A stejn\u011b jako u v\u00fd\u0161e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky na obyvatele Texasu, na pozad\u00ed to ovlivn\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00fdmu. Ani\u017e byste si to uv\u011bdomili. Je to psychologie chov\u00e1n\u00ed lid\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Scrum p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b dr\u017e\u00ed pohromad\u011b pr\u00e1v\u011b na tom, \u017ee jednotliv\u00e9 praktiky r\u016fzn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem podporuj\u00ed nebo naopak omezuj\u00ed jist\u00e9 stereotypy chov\u00e1n\u00ed lid\u00ed. Scrum je postaven na psychologii. Bez n\u00ed je to jen technick\u00fd proces, kter\u00fd v praxi pouze vzbud\u00ed ohromn\u00e1 o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed ale v\u00fdsledek se nikdy nedostav\u00ed. N\u00e1stroje jsou fajn, ale bez toho, ani\u017e rozum\u00edte psychologii na pozad\u00ed Scrum procesu, bez toho ani\u017e byste pochopili Scrum DNA, jsou v\u011bt\u0161inou kontraproduktivn\u00ed a Scrum a Agile zab\u00edjej\u00ed. Velice rychle a chyt\u0159e. Jsou jak rakovina, kter\u00e1\u00a0se us\u00eddlila v organizmu t\u00fdmu nebo firmy. Po chv\u00edli se vy p\u0159izp\u016fsobujete n\u00e1stroj\u016fm, ne naopak, a to je p\u0159esn\u011b ta chyba. Pou\u017e\u00edvejte n\u00e1stroje, proto\u017ee tu jsou od toho aby v\u00e1m pom\u00e1haly, ale v moment\u011b kdy zjist\u00edte,\u00a0\u017ee n\u011bco d\u011bl\u00e1te jen proto,\u00a0\u017ee to n\u00e1stroj umo\u017e\u0148uje, nebo \u017ee\u00a0naopak n\u011bco ned\u011bl\u00e1te, jen proto, \u017ee to n\u00e1stroj neumo\u017e\u0148uje, zastavte se a zamyslete se kdo m\u00e1 koho pod kontrolou. Vy n\u00e1stroj, nebo n\u00e1stroj v\u00e1s. A v prost\u0159ed\u00ed, ve kter\u00e9m lidi a t\u00fdmy \u0159\u00edd\u00ed n\u00e1stroje, se lidem moc neda\u0159\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ne\u017e za\u010dnete diskutovat na t\u00e9ma, \u017ee n\u00e1stroje jsou p\u0159ece u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9, pod\u00edvejte se kolem sebe. Kolikr\u00e1t jste sly\u0161eli, \u017ee ten a ten syst\u00e9m je \u0161patn\u00fd? \u017de v\u00e1m ned\u00e1v\u00e1 to, co byste cht\u011bli? \u017de mus\u00edte pou\u017e\u00edvat jeden a rad\u011bji byste m\u011bli druh\u00fd? \u017de nem\u016f\u017eete v\u011bci d\u011blat jinak, proto\u017ee v\u00e1\u0161 n\u00e1stroj to neumo\u017e\u0148uje? A \u010d\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed je firma, &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/soch.cz\/blog\/management\/nastroje-omezuji-a-svazuji\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;N\u00e1stroje omezuj\u00ed a svazuj\u00ed&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[11],"tags":[272,13,14,51,7,10,82],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/soch.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/436"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/soch.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/soch.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soch.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soch.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=436"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/soch.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/436\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/soch.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=436"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soch.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=436"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soch.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=436"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}